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High-Pressure Adsorption of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide using an MSB-Magnetic Suspension Balance

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  1. Research Background

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major greenhouse gas, and technologies for its capture and storage are central to combating climate change. Among the available approaches, adsorption using porous materials has gained significant traction due to its low energy demands and high efficiency. However, conventional CO₂ adsorption at ambient conditions suffers from low capacity and poor selectivity.

Supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂)—formed when CO₂ surpasses its critical point of 31.1°C and 7.39 MPa—exhibits a hybrid of gas and liquid properties: high diffusivity, tunable density, and low viscosity. These attributes make it uniquely useful in materials science, separation, and enhanced oil recovery (EOR).

FIGURE 1 – Phase Diagram of Supercritical CO₂

Geological Sequestration

scCO₂ geological sequestration is a widely recognized method for long-term CO₂ storage. Injecting scCO₂ into deep geological formations—such as depleted reservoirs and saline aquifers—allows CO₂ to be trapped through structural, solubility, or residual mechanisms. Mineral carbonation reactions further convert CO₂ into stable carbonate solids, significantly reducing the risk of leakage [1].

FIGURE 2– Investigation of CO₂ Adsorption under Normal vs. High Pressure

Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO₂-EOR)

EOR using scCO₂ serves both economic and environmental goals. When scCO₂ reaches miscibility pressure with crude oil (typically >10 MPa), it significantly reduces oil viscosity and improves flow characteristics.

EOR injection methods include:

  • Continuous injection
  • Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG)

scCO₂-EOR can increase recovery by 10–25% and extend oil field lifetimes by decades. In the U.S., such projects already sequester 30 million tons of CO₂ annually, or 1.5% of industrial emissions.

  1. Gravimetric Method for scCO₂ Adsorption

2.1 Why Magnetic Levitation?

Volumetric methods—though simple—require larger sample quantities and cannot effectively resolve kinetic behavior or low-pressure responses [2].

FIGURE 3 – Principle of Volumetric scCO₂ Testing

Gravimetric methods are preferred for high-precision adsorption work, but traditional balances suffer from:

  • Buoyancy effects (especially with large samples)
  • Balance drift
  • Inability to operate in extreme environments

AMI’s Magnetic Suspension Balance (MSB) overcomes these issues:

  • Operates under extreme temperatures and pressures
  • Transfers weight via non-contact magnetic coupling
  • Eliminates drift through periodic position switching
  • Corrects buoyancy using reference masses or known fluid densities.

FIGURE 4 – Magnetic Levitation Instrument Structure

  1. Application Cases

Case 1: Supercritical CO₂ Adsorption in Coal

High-pressure, high-temperature coal seams are ideal for CO₂ sequestration. Li and Ni et al. investigated the CO₂ adsorption behavior of Tunliu and Sihe coal under supercritical conditions [3].

FIGURE 5 – Isothermal Adsorption/Desorption Curves of Two Coal Types

Key Observations:

  • Adsorption capacity peaks then declines
  • Higher temperature = lower capacity
  • Sihe coal has greater uptake than Tunliu
  • Behavior follows Type I (IUPAC) isotherms before saturation [4]

However, corrections for excess vs. absolute adsorption and phase density assumptions are required to obtain true capacity data. Post-correction, adsorption shows stable increase with pressure and fully reversible desorption.

FIGURE  6– Density-Corrected Isotherms with Binary Langmuir Fitting

Case 2: Kinetics of scCO₂ Adsorption

Monitoring real-time uptake at fixed pressure provides kinetic insight. Adsorption is faster at higher pressure, but at supercritical pressures, adsorption approaches saturation more rapidly, reducing the number of available sites over time [5].

Studies by Charrière and Song show that:

  • Residual adsorption capacity declines with time
  • Fluctuations at high pressure are caused by density shifts near critical conditions [6][7]

FIGURE 7– CO₂ Residual Adsorption vs. Time at Various Pressures

Case 3: CO₂-EOR in Shale Reservoirs

Due to the complexity of core testing in shale (tight pore networks), magnetic levitation offers a direct and non-invasive method to monitor oil extraction.

Li and Chen used MSB readings at fixed intervals and compared results to NMR, showing strong correlation [8].

Table 1 – Comparison of Extraction Efficiency by Magnetic Levitation vs. NMR

With increasing CO₂ pressure:

  • Smaller pore throats are accessed
  • Extraction efficiency improves sharply until minimum miscibility pressure is reached

FIGURE  8– Pore Size Distribution of Tested Samples

  1. Experimental Validation

4.1 Conditions

  • Instrument: AMI Magnetic Suspension Balance
  • Calibration: Helium for volume and mass
  • Adsorbate: CO₂ up to 8 MPa
  • Temperature: 50°C
  • Sample Pretreatment: 200°C for 4 hours

4.2 Results

  • Adsorption peaked between 40–50 bar
  • Maximum uptake: 34.4%
  • Minimal deviation between repeated tests
  • Long equilibration times observed due to larger sample size
  • Recommended: narrow pressure steps for smooth isotherms

BET analysis showed (on AMI Instruments):

  • Surface Area: 1789 m²/g
  • Micropore Volume: 0.6 cm³/g

FIGURE 9 – Measured Supercritical CO₂ Adsorption Capacity

  1. Summary

Magnetic suspension gravimetric systems are essential tools for modern supercritical CO₂ adsorption research. Their advantages include:

  • High-pressure and temperature compatibility
  • Automatic elimination of drift via dual-position calibration
  • In-situ kinetic and isotherm measurements
  • Real-time buoyancy correction

Looking forward, future research should address:

  • Internal density gradients and convective turbulence
  • Adsorbent expansion corrections under extreme conditions

References

[1] Lv, Y., Tang, D., Xu, H., et al. CO₂ sequestration technology for improving coalbed methane recovery. Environmental Science and Technology, 2011, 34(5): 95–99.
[2] Sudibandriyo M., Pan Z., Fitzgerald J.E., et al. Langmuir, 2003, 19: 5323–5331.
[3] Li, Q., Ni, X., Wang, Y., et al. Coalfield Geology and Exploration, 2014, 42(3): 36–40.
[4] Fu, X., Qin, Y., Wei, C. Coalbed Methane Geology, China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2007.
[5] Charrière D., Pokryszka Z., Behra P. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2010, 81(4): 373–380.
[6] Song Y., Xing W., Zhang Y., et al. Adsorption, 2015, 21(1/2): 53–65.
[7] Siemons N., Wolf K.A.A., Bruining J. International Journal of Coal Geology, 2007, 72(3): 315–324.
[8] Li, B., Hou, J., Lei, Z., et al. Petroleum Drilling Technology, 2024, 52(4): 94–103.

RuboSORP MSB

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INTRODUCTION

  • Accurate mass measurement is critical across materials science, chemical engineering, energy storage, and catalysis research. While traditional electronic microbalances offer high precision under standard laboratory conditions, they are often unsuitable for extreme environments involving high pressure, high temperature, or corrosive and reactive gases. The Magnetic Suspension Balance (MSB) addresses these challenges with contactless, high-resolution mass measurement in fully isolated, controlled environments.
  • The RuboSORP MSB employs a magnetically coupled weighing system that physically separates the microbalance from the sample atmosphere. This design allows for real-time gravimetric analysis under demanding conditions—without the need for purge gases or proximity protections—enabling accurate study of sorption processes, adsorption kinetics, vapor-liquid equilibria, and gas-phase density.
  • Samples are housed within a sealed, corrosion-resistant chamber. Any change in mass is transmitted through a magnetic assembly to a high-precision microbalance operating at ambient pressure. This contact-free transfer ensures long-term stability, exceptional resolution, and minimal signal drift—even over extended experimental durations or during thermal cycling.
  • A standout feature of the RuboSORP MSB is its dual-sample capability. The system can simultaneously analyze two samples or substitute one with a calibrated sinker for direct gas density measurement via Archimedes’ principle. This is especially valuable in high-pressure or multi-component gas systems where conventional equations of state fall short.

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  • RuboSORP MSB

FEATURES

  • Automatic Drift Correction & Recovery
  • The RuboSORP MSB actively compensates for pressure and temperature-induced drift, maintaining accurate readings throughout adsorption, desorption, or thermal cycles. A builtin self-recovery system prevents data loss in case of unexpected motion or imbalance, ensuring uninterrupted experiments.
  • Density / Double Sample Measurement
  • The dual sample measurement module enables experiments with two samples simultaneously. One position can be fitted with an inert float or calibrated sinker, allowing direct measurement of gas density via Archimedes' principle—especially critical at high temperatures and pressures where traditional equation-of-state methods become unreliable. This capability is particularly valuable in multicomponent gas adsorption studies, as it enables real-time tracking of composition changes without the need for external gas analysis tools such as chromatography.
  • Optional Viewing Cells
  • Optional high-pressure viewing cells provide in-situ visual access to the sample chamber, enabling direct observation of swelling behavior, phase transitions, and vapor–liquid equilibrium phenomena. A highstrength window allows monitoring of expansion and adsorption processes in polymer and ionic liquid samples through an integrated image acquisition system. The system operates reliably under extreme conditions, with a maximum temperature of 200 °C and pressure up to 35 MPa.
  • Optional Viewing Cell
  • Modular Design & Flexible Configuration
  • The RuboSORP MSB features a fully modular setup with interchangeable components for pressure, temperature, gas dosing, and reactor control. Visual cells, custom sample holders, and a range of heating options—from cryogenic to high-temperature—ensure adaptability to diverse applications.
  • Smart Software & Data Integrity
  • Automated control software manages all experimental parameters in real time and includes built-in uncertainty analysis. It supports ISO 9001 and GUM standards, generates adsorption curves on the fly, and logs data in accessible formats for seamless analysis and reporting.
  • Sealed Coupling Chamber
  • Enables safe use of toxic, reactive, and corrosive fluids—allowing experiments to be conducted under real-world conditions without compromising balance integrity.
  • Customizable Sample Cells and Reaction Baskets
  • To simulate real-world reaction conditions, AMI offers a range of interchangeable measuring cells and sample basket modules. Sample cell dimensions—up to 70 mm in diameter—can be customized to suit various materials and experimental needs. AMI also provides tailored solutions, including the development of new basket designs based on customer requirements. Available options include FF-type fixed bed baskets, FT-type high-efficiency reaction baskets, and specialized baskets designed for ionic liquids.
  • Industry-Leading Sample Capacity
  • Supports the widest max sample capacity, accommodating large or irregular samples without compromising accuracy—ideal for heterogeneous materials and custom applications.
  • Exceptional Stability Over Time
  • The system uses a load decoupling mechanism to periodically remove the sample from the balance, perform automatic recalibration, and resume the experiment—ensuring long-term measurement stability and eliminating drift during extended runs.

DATA ANALYSIS

  • The RuboSORP MSB can measure various types of gas adsorption isotherms, determine adsorption isobars, obtain adsorption kinetics curves, and conduct multi-component competitive adsorption.
  • It can handle all common gases, including but not limited to hydrogen, nitrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and oxygen, as well as corrosive gases such as: chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide. Additionally, it can be paired with a visual measurement module or a separate visual observation module to study the absorption or volume change of supercritical carbon dioxide.
  • Application of two-component competitive adsorption
  • For the study of competitive adsorption of two-component gases, AMI offers an ingenious solution, which is to measure the density of the gas mixture at adsorption equilibrium in real time through a special three-position Magnetic Suspension Balance, and then calculate the adsorption amount of each gas in the two component gas in real time through software, without the need for external chromatography/mass spectrometry tools.
  • Sulcis coal sample carbon dioxide/methane binary competitive adsorption data

PRESSURE SYSTEM

  • The RuboSORP MSB’s gas system is equipped with two high-precision pressure sensors: a sensor with a range to 5 MPa and a sensor with a range to 40 MPa, both with an accuracy of 0.01 bar
  • Gas System Models:
  • System Type Model No. Pressure range(bar) Temperature Control Intake quantity Option
    Dynamic Gas System GDU-150D-A 150 none 2 Mechanical pump/
    Molecular pump
    Vapor dosing
    Extra gas path
    Additional pressure sensor
    GDU-150D-H 150 100℃ 2
    GDU-350D-A 350 none 2
    GDU-350D-H 350 100℃ 2
    Static Gas System GDU-150S-A 150 none 2 Mechanical pump/
    Molecular pump
    Vapor dosing
    Extra gas path
    Additional pressure sensor
    GDU-150S-H 150 100℃ 2
    GDU-150S-H mix 150 100℃ 3
    GDU-350S-A 350 none 2
    GDU-350S-H 350 100℃ 2
    GDU-350S-H mix 350 100℃ 3
    GDU-700S-A 700 none 2
    GDU-700S-H 700 100℃ 2
    GDU-700S-H mix 700 100℃ 3

SPECIFICATIONS

  • Model Max Pressure Max Temperature Max Sample Loading Resolution Vacuum Option GDU Capability View Cell & Camera Option Model
    MSB-150 150bar 400°C 25g 10μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-150
    MSB-150 150bar 400°C 50g 10μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-150
    MSB-150 150bar 400°C 10g 1μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-150
    MSB-350 350bar 400°C 25g 10μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-350
    MSB-350 350bar 400°C 50g 10μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-350
    MSB-350 350bar 400°C 10g 1μg Yes Dynamic or Static Yes MSB-350
    MSB-700 700bar 150°C 25g 10μg Yes Static Only No MSB-700
    MSB-700 700bar 150°C 50g 10μg Yes Static Only No MSB-700
    MSB-700 700bar 150°C 10g 1μg Yes Static Only No MSB-700

APPLICATIONS

  • Hydrogen & Methane Storage
  • High-pressure isotherms provide real-world data critical for evaluating advanced storage materials including MOFs and metal hydrides.
  • Corrosive Gas Research
  • Quantify adsorption of SO2, HF, Cl2, and similar aggressive gases at controlled temperature and pressure—safely and accurately.
  • Supercritical CO2 Studies
  • Track sorption behavior and reaction kinetics in polymers, biomass, or coal under supercritical conditions with full visual feedback and gas-phase density measurement.
  • Multi-Component Adsorption
  • By integrating a calibrated gas mixer, the MSB measures real-time competitive adsorption of gas mixtures, eliminating the need for offline chromatography.

RuboSORP MSB DVS

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INTRODUCTION

  • Designed for advanced materials research, this system combines a precisely controlled environment—with wide-ranging vapor delivery, temperature flexibility, and compatibility with aggressive chemical conditions—to enable complex DVS experiments across a variety of challenging applications. The MSB design integrates effortlessly with automated vapor and temperature regulation, user-defined testing protocols, advanced data analysis, and comprehensive reporting, enhancing both workflow efficiency and experimental clarity.
  • What truly distinguishes MSB-based systems from traditional dynamic vapor sorption instruments is their contactless measurement principle—ensuring a stable, contamination-free environment for collecting high-quality data under real-world conditions.
  • VAPOR SORPTION WITH:
  • √ High Precision
    √ Corrosive Environments
    √ Drift Zeroing
    √ High-throughput
    √ Wide Temperature Range

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  • RuboSORP MSB DVS

KEY FEATURES

  • Magnetic Suspension Balance Technology:
  • High Sensitivity and Accuracy:
  • Measures weight changes with microgram precision. Magnetic suspension eliminates mechanical contact, reducing friction and wear.
  • Temperature Stability:
  • Operates reliably over wide temperature ranges (e.g., -20°C to 400°C).
  • Corrosion Resistance:
  • Ideal for working with reactive or corrosive vapors since the sample is isolated from the balance.
  • Advantages Over Conventional DVS Systems:
  • No Mechanical Wear:
  • Magnetic suspension eliminates the need for a conventional balance in contact with the sample.
  • Reduced Drift:
  • Long-term experiments benefit from high stability with drift correction at each data point. Versatile Environmental Control: Operates with a variety of gases and vapors under controlled conditions.
  • High-Throughput:
  • Runs two samples simultaneously.

BENEFITS

  • Over nearly four decades of refinement, magnetic suspension balances have become an essential tool across disciplines including materials science, pharmaceuticals, environmental engineering, food technology, and energy materials research. Their ability to accurately measure weight changes under varied and sometimes corrosive/harsh conditions has proven invaluable for investigating adsorption phenomena, elucidating kinetics, and determining fluid properties such as vapor pressure and density.
  • By employing MSB technology, the system isolates the sample from external mechanical influences, vibrations, and environmental fluctuations. This isolation results in an exceptionally stable baseline and highly sensitive mass resolution, capturing even the most subtle sorption events with reproducible precision. The hermetically sealed chamber design further ensures that sample integrity is maintained throughout the experiment, minimizing the risk of contamination and thereby yielding more reliable and representative sorption isotherms and kinetics data.
  • Conventional gravimetric analysis in dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) often relies on mechanical connections and traditional balances. These systems can introduce drift, frictional effects, and frequent re-calibration requirements, which may compromise measurement quality and long-term stability.
  • Comparison between conventional microbalances and magnetic suspension balance
  • In contrast, magnetic suspension balance technology offers a fundamentally different approach, enabling direct measurement of mass changes without mechanical contact to the sample crucible.

SCHEMATICS

  • Vapor 10D Diagram
  • Vapor 10S Diagram

SCHEMATICS

  • Mass Range Vapor-10S Vapor-1S Vapor-10D Vapor-1D
    Resolution 10 μg 1 μg 10 μg 1 μg
    Maximum Sample Loading 15 g 5 g 15 g 5 g
    Sample Throughput 2
    Pressure Range Up to 1 bar -isotherm measurement Ambient -dynamic gas flow
    Air Bath Temperature Control 150°C
    Temperature Range of Sample Pretreatment Up to 400°C
    Material of Sample Crucible Stainless steel or ceramic, or quartz
    Gas or Vapor Water vapor, organic vapor, CO2, corrosive gases
      Options
    Circulating Bath Thermostat -20°C-150°C
    Additional Pressure Sensor 10 torr/1 torr/0.1 torr/Customized scale
    Multi-gas ports Four gas inlet ports
    High Pressure Option 10 bar

 

AMI-Sync Series

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INTRODUCTION

  • The AMI-Sync Series is a fully automated, high-performance line of gas physisorption analyzers designed for rapid and accurate surface area and pore size characterization of porous and non-porous materials. Whether analyzing catalysts, zeolites, MOFs, or advanced battery materials, the AMI-Sync Series delivers robust vacuum-volumetric measurement systems backed by intuitive software and comprehensive support for both standard and advanced adsorption techniques.
  • Available in flexible 1-, 2-, or 4-station configurations, the AMI-Sync Series features a common P₀ measuring transducer and supports simultaneous saturation vapor pressure measurements. Each unit is built for high-throughput performance, with options for a dedicated pressure transducer per station to maximize speed, or a shared sensor setup for cost efficiency. A single large-volume dewar supports multiple stations simultaneously, offering an ideal solution for space-conscious laboratories with demanding workloads.

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  • AMI-Sync 400 Series Instrument

KEY FEATURES

  • Customizable Configuration for Throughput Analysis Needs
  • The AMI-Sync series offers a scalable solution with up to four high-resolution measurement stations for precise pore size and surface area analysis. For increased throughput, additional instruments can be linked via LAN, expanding to 12 analysis ports with centralized and remote-control capabilities.
  • Extended Analysis Duration
  • AMI-Sync analyzers are equipped with large 3-liter Dewar flasks that allow over 90 hours of continuous analysis. The system supports live refilling during experiments, ensuring uninterrupted data collection during long runs and complex isotherm acquisitions.
  • High Sensitivity & Reproducibility
  • The AMI-Sync Series delivers precise and reliable surface area and porosity data, with a BET detection limit as low as 0.1 m² absolute and 0.01 m²/g specific. It offers outstanding reproducibility—within 1% on standard reference materials like BAM P115—ensuring confidence in repeated analyses.
  • Precision-Engineered Hardware
  • Built with stainless steel and vacuum-brazed manifolds, the system features ultra-durable bellows valves rated for over 5 million cycles. Temperature control maintains ±0.05 °C stability, while 32-bit pressure sensors provide high-resolution, accurate data capture.
  • Cryo TuneTM (Optional Feature)
  • Unlock advanced temperature control with Cryo TuneTM, an optional low-temperature cold bath system designed for precision adsorption studies. Fully integrated with Sync software, Cryo TuneTM allows users to effortlessly conduct adsorption isotherm measurements across a range of temperatures.
  • Optimized Manifold Contamination Control
  • A two-step filtration system protects the manifold from particulates reducing contamination risks and extending instrument life. Combined with stainless steel construction and high-cycle bellows valves, the system ensures clean, reliable operation even in high-throughput environments.
  • Compact & Lab-Ready
  • All models share a compact footprint of 51 ×53 × 93 cm, making them ideal for space-conscious labs. Despite their compact size, Sync analyzers are fully equipped for both research-grade and industrial applications, offering power, durability, and precision in one system.

SOFTWARE

  • Sync Series analyzers are driven by a multilingual, user-friendly software suite that supports:
  • • Control of up to 8 instruments from a single PC
    • Built-in method libraries     for fast setup and repeatability
    • Customizable analysis profiles with real-time system feedback
    • Automated leak detection and guided maintenance routines
    • CFR 21 Part 11-ready     sample tracking, including ID and method history
    • Visual instrument status interface for monitoring analysis in progress
  • Additional capabilities include void volume correction, supercritical P0 handling, temperature control with CryoTune, and compatibility with up to 6 gases per station.
  • Isotherm
  • 3-stage evacuation to prevent sample fluidization
  • Main software screen
  • Interactive software screen
  • Data Analysis Capabilities:
  • Isothermal absorption and desorption curve
    BET specific surface area (single and multiple point)
    Langmuir surface area
    Statistical thickness surface area. (STSA)
  • HK pore size analysis
    SF pore size analysis
    NLDFT pore size distribution
    Total pore volume
    t-plot analysis

SPECIFICATIONS

Model AMI-Sync
Specific Model 110 210 220 420 440
Analysis Ports 1 2 2 4 4
p0 Transducer 1 1 1 1 1
Analysis Pressure Transducer 1 1 2 2 4
Surface Area ≥ 0.0005 m2/g
Pore Size 0.35-500 nm
Pore Volume ≥ 0.0001 cm3 /g
Pump Mechanical pump(minimal 5.0×10-4 mmHg)
p/p0 10-5-0.998
Accuracy PTs 1000 mmHg(+/-0.2%F.S.)
Adsorbates N2,CO2,Ar,Kr,H2,O2,CO,NH3,CH4
Dimensions 51 × 53 ×93 cm (16.1 x 20.8 x 36.6 inches) All same dimensional size
Weight 45 kg | 99 pounds (maximum depending on configuration)

Switch-6

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  • The automatic multi-channel gas inlet controller, Switch-6, features an integrated design, enabling one- button switching among multiple gases and supporting up to six input ports. Users can select any gas path for output as needed, making it ideal for applications requiring frequent gas changes during various testing procedures.
  • This device is highly compatible, designed to work seamlessly with the full range of AMI instruments and a wide variety of systems from other manufacturers.
  • Safety
  • Features a streamlined valve disassembly and assembly when switching between different gases, significantly reducing the risk of leakage from manual operations. Additionally, a corrosion-resistant version is available upon request to accommodate more demanding environments.
  • Simplicity
  • Enables automatic gas switching with a single button press. It also performs automatic pipeline purging, preventing residual gases from affecting the accuracy of subsequent experimental results.
  • Flexibility
  • Supports six input ports and one output port, with the option to cascade multiple units—allowing for 6, 12, 18, or more gas paths as needed.

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  • Automatic Multi-channel Gas Inlet Controller
  •   Switch-6
    Number of ports 6 (12, 18 are optional)
    Tubing size 1/8 inch
    Pressure Near atmospheric
    Gas types N2, H2, Ar, and other gases (corrosive gases such as H2S, NH3, HCl, etc., are available as options)
    Dimensions and weight L 28.7 in (730 mm) ×
    W 9.5 in (240 mm) ×
    H 10.0 in (253 mm),
    11 lbs (5 kg)

 

Lattice GO

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INTRODUCTION

  • The Lattice GO redefines portable X-ray diffraction, delivering laboratory-grade performance in a compact, lightweight system. Designed for versatility, it integrates a specialized X-ray source, Bragg-Brentano diffraction geometry, and an advanced 2D array detector to generate high-quality XRD spectra in minutes.
  • Optimized for field research, on-site quality control, and space-constrained laboratories, the Lattice GO provides high-intensity data with exceptional angular precision, rivaling traditional benchtop systems. Its rugged construction, rapid scanning capability, and user-friendly operation ensure reliable results in any environment.
  • With the Lattice GO, high-resolution diffraction is no longer confined to the lab—bringing powerful material analysis wherever it's needed.

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  • Instrument Setup for the Lattice GO

FEATURES

  • Compact and Portable Design
  • A lightweight, space-efficient system suitable for benchtop use or field deployment, making it ideal for laboratories with limited space or on-site analysis.
  • Rapid, In-Situ XRD Analysis
  • Enables immediate diffraction measurements following material synthesis, facilitating real-time screening and informed decision-making.
  • Laboratory-Grade Data Quality
  • Delivers high-intensity diffraction patterns with angular precision comparable to full-scale laboratory diffractometers.
  • Bragg-Brentano Diffraction Geometry
  • A proven configuration for accurate and reproducible powder diffraction analysis, ensuring high data reliability.
  • Advanced X-ray Source
  • Optimized for enhanced signal stability and consistent performance across diverse sample types.
  • High-Resolution 2D Array Detector
  • Provides rapid data acquisition with broad angular coverage, capturing high-fidelity diffraction patterns with excellent signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Optimized Analytical Workflow
  • Enables efficient sample pre-screening, reducing the need for external testing and improving overall analytical throughput.

SPECIFICATIONS

  • X-ray tube 30 W, 30 kV / 1 mA
    X-ray tube target material Cu
    Theodolite Theta / 2theta geometry, the radius of the theodolite is 110 mm
    Detector Photon direct-read two-dimensional array detector
    Maximum scanning range 0° - 130°
    2Theta Minimum step size ±0.01°
    Measure speed 1°C
    Battery Runtime 3 hours
    Volume and Weight L 4.8 in (120 mm) × W 11.9 in (300 mm) × H 11.9 in (300 mm), 26.5 lbs (12 kg)
  • Ruby Standard Sample (NIST1976)
  • Silicon Powder Measurement Data and Rietveld Structure Refinement

APPLICATIONS

  • Mineral Industry:
  • The Lattice GO portable X-ray diffractometer is becoming an essential tool for geological exploration teams, providing rapid, reliable analysis directly in the field. Its ability to perform real-time phase identification and quantitative analysis empowers geologists to make faster, more informed decisions.
  • • On-Site Mineral Analysis
  • Qualitative and quantitative identification of mineral phases to support mineralogical research and exploration.
  • • Geological Feature Evaluation
  • Analyze surrounding rock structures in mineralization zones to understand ore genesis and mineral distribution.
  • • Process Optimization
  • Identify ore formation mechanisms and determine appropriate mining, beneficiation, refining, and smelting methods.
  • • Core Logging Support
  • Detect fine-grained fragments, complex lithologies, and subtle mineral changes to guide drilling and stratigraphic interpretation.
  • • Rapid Ore Quality Assessment
  • Conduct fast, quantitative mineral content analysis on-site to inform mineral trading and field decisions.
  • • Urban Resource Recovery
  • Identify and quantify mineral content from recycled materials for effective urban mining and resource reuse.
  • Sandstone Sample Diffraction Pattern and Standard-Free Quantitative Analysis
  • Zinc Concentrate Diffraction Pattern and Qualitative Analysis
  • Cultural Heritage:
  • The Lattice GO enables non-destructive, on-site analysis of culturally significant materials, making it an invaluable tool for conservation scientists, archaeologists, and museums. Its precision and portability support preservation, research, and authentication of priceless artifacts.
  • • Phase Analysis of Artifact Materials
  • Identify crystalline phases in bronzeware, ironware, ceramics, pigments, and mural base layers.
  • • Corrosion and Weathering Studies
  • Analyze corrosion products and weathering layers to understand degradation mechanisms and guide conservation strategies.
  • • Restoration and Preservation
  • Assist in development of preservation techniques for murals, stone relics, and metal artifacts through material characterization.
  • • Provenance Studies
  • Determine the geographic origin and production techniques of cultural relics using mineralogical fingerprinting.
  • • Authentication and Anti-Counterfeiting
  • Verify authenticity of artifacts by comparing structural signatures to known references.
  • Ancient Ceramic Fragment Diffraction Data and Qualitative Analysis
  • Security and Drug Safety:
  • The Lattice GO brings advanced, non-destructive XRD capabilities to law enforcement and forensic science, enabling rapid, on-site analysis with minimal sample preparation. Delivering real-time results, it supports fast, accurate decision-making in critical situations.
  • On-Site Drug Identification
  • Perform rapid, non-destructive qualitative and quantitative phase analysis of narcotics, new psychoactive substances (NPS), and precursor materials.
  • Criminal Investigation Support
  • Identify and characterize controlled substances in the field to aid forensic investigations and track drug trafficking routes and sources.
  • Non-Destructive Forensic Testing
  • Preserve sample integrity while obtaining precise, high-resolution diffraction data for reliable forensic analysis.
  • Drug and Substance Characterization
  • Conduct on-site qualitative and quantitative analysis of illicit drugs, counterfeit pharmaceuticals, and precursor materials for trafficking detection and source attribution.
  • Trace Evidence Analysis
  • Detect and classify trace compounds such as cyanide, organic contaminants, paper fillers, toxic additives, and soil or mineral fragments from crime scenes or stolen cultural relics.
  • Security Screening at High-Risk Locations
  • Rapidly identify illicit substances, explosives, and hazardous materials at border checkpoints, airports, train stations, and public venues.
  • Explosives and Contaminant Detection
  • Analyze explosive compounds and their decomposition residues, as well as adulterants such as talcum powder and borax in consumer goods and food products.
  • Heroin Hydrochloride XRD Pattern

Meso 112/222

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INTRODUCTION

  • The AMI-Meso112/222 Series is engineered for high-precision surface area and pore size characterization of powdered materials. This series comprises two models, Meso 112 and Meso 222, both integrated with 1000 torr pressure transducers at each analysis station for accurate BET surface area determination and mesopore size distribution analysis.
  • Each analysis port is equipped with an in-situ degassing module capable of heating samples up to 400°C, ensuring efficient removal of adsorbed contaminants prior to analysis. This in-situ degassing eliminates the risk of contamination associated with sample transfer. Additionally, when multiple stations are utilized, each operates independently, allowing for simultaneous yet discrete analyses of different samples.

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    • Structural distribution diagram of Meso 222

KEY FEATURES

  • Module Design for Minimal Dead Volume
  • The internal gas path design of the instrument adopts a unique integrated metal module design, which not only reduces the internal dead volume spacebut also helps mitigate possible leaks.
  • Saturated Vapor Pressure P0
  • An independent P₀ pressure transducer is configured at 133 kPa for P₀ value testing,enabling real-time P/P₀ measurement for more accurate and reliable test data. Alternatively, an atmospheric pressure input method can be used to determine P₀.
  • Datasheet
  • Independent analysis ports
  • With independent analysis ports, the system employs a unique vacuum control logic that allows each station to operate without disruption, even when using a single mechanical pump or pump group.This enables simultaneous, independent experiments, meeting diverse adsorbent testing needs while ensuring high efficiency.
  • Liquid Nitrogen Dewar
  • The use of 1 L Dewar flasks in conjunction with a sealed cover ensures a stable thermal profile along the entire length of both the sample tubes and P₀ tubes throughout the testing process.
  • Sample Preparation
  • Equipped with two in-situ degassing ports, enabling simultaneous degassing and analysis. Each port offers independent temperature control from ambient to 400°C, ensuring precise sample preparation.
  • High Accuracy Pressure Transducers
  • Equipped with 1000 torr pressure transducers, the Meso Series enables precise physical adsorption analysis, achieving a partial pressure (P/P₀) as low as 10 -² for nitrogen (N₂) at 77 K.
  • Datasheet
  • Optimized Manifold Contamination Control
  • This system features a multi-channel, adjustable, and parallel vacuum design with segmented vacuum control. This setup effectively prevents samples from being drawn up into the analyzer therefore preventing manifold contamination.
  • Thermal Stabilization
  • A core rod in the sample tube reduces deadvolume and stabilizes the cold free space coefficient, while an iso-thermal jacket maintains a constant thermal profile along the tube. Additionally, automatic helium correction ensures precise calibration for any powder or particulate material, minimizing temperature- related deviations during analysis.

SOFTWARE

  • PAS Software is an intelligent solution for operation control, data acquisition, calculation, analysis, and report generation on the Windows platform. It communicates with the host via the LAN port and can remotely control multiple instruments simultaneously.
  • PAS Software adopts a unique intake control method, optimizing pressure in the adsorption and desorption processes through a six-stage setting, which improves testing efficiency.
  • Datasheet
  • Changes in pressure and temperature inside the manifold can be directly observed in the test interface, providing convenience for sample testing and instrument maintenance. The current state of analyzer can be intuitively understood with the indicator light and event bar.
  • Each adsorption equilibrium process is dynamically displayed on the test interface. Adsorption characteristics of the sample can be easily understood.
  • A clear and concise report setting interface, including the following:
  • Adsorption and desorption isotherms
  • Single-/Multipoint BET surface area
  • Langmuir surface area
  • STSA-surface area
  • Pore size distribution according to BJH
  • T-plot
  • Dubinin-Radushkevich
  • Horvath-Kawazoe
  • Saito-Foley

TYPICAL ANALYSIS RESULTS

  • The specific surface area test results of iron ore powder are presented in the figure below. As a material with very small specific surface area, the repeatability error is only 0.0015 m2/g in the test results.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet
  • Analysis value of pore size distribution in activated carbon materials as follows:
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet

SPECIFICATIONS

Model AMI-Meso 112 AMI-Meso 222
Analysis Ports 2 2
P0 Transducer 2 2
AnalysisPressure
Transducer		 1 2
Accuracy PTs 1000 torr
Pump 1 Mechanical pump (ultimate vacuum 10-2 Pa);
P/P0 10-4- 0.998
Surface Area ≥ 0.0005 m2/g, test repeatability: RSD ≤ 1.0%
Pore Size 0.35-500 nm, test repeatability: ≤0.2 nm
Pore Volume ≥ 0.0001 cm3/g
Degassing Ports 2 in-situ
Adsorbates N2, CO2, Ar, Kr, H2, O2, CO, CH2, etc.
Cold Trap 1
Volume and Weight L 34.5 in (870 mm) × W 22.5 in (570 mm) × H 35.0 in (890 mm), 188 lbs (85 kg)
Power Requirements 110 or 200-240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, maximum power 300 W

APPLICATIONS

Applied Field Typical Materials Details
Material Research Ceramic powder, metal powder, nanotube According to surface area value of nanotube, hydrogen storage capacity can be predicted.
Chemical Engineering Carbon black, amorphous silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide Introduction of carbon black in rubber matrix can improve mechanical properties of rubber products. Surface area of carbon black is one of the important factors affecting the reinforcement performance of rubber products.
New Energy Lithium cobalt, lithium manganate Increasing surface area of electrode can improve Electrochemical reaction rate and promote iron exchange in negative electrode.
Catalytic Technologies Active alumina oxide, molecular sieve, zeolite Active surface area and pore structure influence reaction rate.

 

BenchCATs for Biofuels

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INTRODUCTION

  • AMI has extensive experience in the design and construction of BenchCAT reactors for biofuel applications. The study of biofuel processes has become a significant area of research in recent years. Although still largely in the research stage, substantial progress is being made, making the development of a commercial process likely in the near future.
  • Biofuel is a broad term referring to any fuel not derived from fossil sources. In its simplest form, it can be ethanol produced from sugarcane or corn via fermentation. However, alcohol-based fuels lack the energy density of conventional fossil fuels like gasoline or diesel. Current efforts are focused on developing biofuels that closely resemble gasoline or diesel in their properties and performance.
  • Biofuels can be derived from various sources, including municipal waste, wood chips, soybeans, and algae. Depending on the source, a different process and thus different reactor design and conditions are used. Below we explore three processes for the production of biofuels in which AMI has participated with a BenchCAT reactor design and construction.

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  • BenchCATs for Biofuels

Via Gasification of Biomass

  • The Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) process is perhaps the oldest and most well-known method for producing synthetic fuels1. The original process was developed in the 1920s and 1930s and was commercialized in Germany by the late 1930s.The F-T process was to produce fuel for both automobiles and military equipment.
  • The F-T process can be utilized to generate biofuels from nearly any carbon-containing biomass, including municipal waste, wood chips, celluloid grasses, and more. The first step in such a process is the gasification of the biomass to form Syngas (H2+CO). This Syngas is then converted into hydrocarbons through the F-T process using a catalyst, typically iron or cobalt. By carefully controlling key process parameters -such as temperature, pressure, ratio of H2 to CO-the product composition can be controlled. The F-T process can yield a wide range of hydrocarbons, from light gases to heavy waxes.
  • Biomass -> Gasification -> Syngas -> F-T -> Fuel
  • Figure 1 illustrates a typical F-T BenchCAT reactor designed by AMI. The four gases include hydrogen and carbon monoxide (Syngas), nitrogen as a diluent, and argon as an internal standard for analysis. The reactor is designed to operate at temperatures up to 400°C and pressures up to 1,500 psig, although typical operating conditions are lower. The system includes three separators to facilitate product collection:
  • 1. The first separator, maintained at approximately 150°C, collects heavier products, such as waxes.
    2. The second separator, set at 80°C, captures mid-range hydrocarbons and some water.
    3. The third separator, kept at room temperature, collects lower-end hydrocarbons along with a significant amount of water.
    All separation processes occur at the reactor's operating pressure, ensuring efficient product recovery.
  • Figure1 Schematic of typical F-T BenchCAT reactor.

From Alcohols

  • As previously discussed, alcohols can be classified as biofuels, though they possess a lower energy density compared to conventional hydrocarbon fuels. Alcohols are readily synthesized through the fermentation of sugar- or starch-rich biomass. They then can be converted to more conventional fuels via catalytic condensation processes. For example, a gasoline range product can be obtained by reacting lower chain alcohols over a zeolite, such as ZSM-52 whereas higher range products can be obtained using base catalyzed aldol condensation3.
  • Starch-Containing Material -> Alcohols -> Condensation-> Fuel
  • These processes can be conducted in a more-or-less conventional fixed bed reactor. Figure 2 depicts such a reactor that could be used for alcohol condensation. A pump is used to feed the liquid alcohols and both the gas and the liquid feed pass through preheaters prior to entering the reactor. A heat exchanger and gas-liquid separator are in the high-pressure zone. Gas products flow out from the top of the separator while the liquid products are withdrawn from the bottom. Level sensing and automatic valves can be used to fully automate the process.
  • Schematic of BenchCAT reactor suitable for studies.

Via Trans-Esterification

  • Biofuels can also be produced by trans-esterification of oils or lipids with a simple alcohol such as methanol. This reaction has been reported using various sources of lipids, such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, used vegetable oil, and algae oil. In a catalytic reaction, the catalyst is a base, typically NaOH. The reaction can also be carried out in the presence or absence of a catalyst at supercritical conditions4.
  • Bio-Oil -> Catalytic or Supercritical Reaction with Methanol -> Fuel
  • Figure 3 is a schematic of a reactor that can be used for both catalytic and supercritical esterification of oils.
  • Figure 4 (back page) shows a photograph of the reactor. This particular reactor is rated at 350°C and 350 bar (ca. 5200 psig) or 700°C at room temperature. The higher temperature rating is used to pretreat the catalyst. The tubular reactor is constructed of Inconel metal in order to achieve these dual conditions. Note that in this reactor the pressure reduction occurs before the product collection.
  • Figure3 Schematic of BenchCAT reactor for supercritical trans esterification of lipids.
  • Figure4 BenchCAT reactor for supercritical trans-esterification of lipids.
  • In summary, no matter what your specifications are for automated, research-quality reactors, AMI has the technical and scientific expertise to meet your needs. We have extensive experience in the fields of catalytic science, catalyst characterization, and reactions. These descriptions of BenchCAT reactors suitable for biofuel research are one example of this experience.

 

μBenchCAT

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INTRODUCTION

  • The μBenchCAT by Advanced Measurement Instruments (AMI) is a fully integrated, bench-top reactor system designed for comprehensive catalytic studies. Engineered for both gas-phase and liquid-phase reactions, it combines all essential components into a compact, automated platform—ideal for academic, industrial, and R&D environments.
  • With a variety of configurable options, the μBenchCAT offers exceptional flexibility, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, from catalyst screening and reaction kinetics to long-term stability testing and performance evaluation under real-world conditions.

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  • μBenchCAT reactor system

FEATURES

  • Maximum Operating Temperature: up to 1200°C, depending on reactor material
  • Maximum Operating Pressure: up to 100bar
  • Gas Feed Capability: Up to 6 independently controlled gas feeds
  • Liquid Feed Options: Configurable for 0, 1, or 2 liquid feeds
  • Reactor Materials: Available in stainless steel, quartz, or Incoloy to suit a wide range of chemical and thermal environments
  • Wetted Materials: Durable and chemically resistant components including Stainless Steel, PEEK, Kalrez, Viton, Incoloy, and Quartz
  • Isothermal Oven: Houses key process components in a uniformly heated environment, minimizing thermal gradients
  • Multi-Station Capability: Optional Dual μBenchCAT configuration allows for two stations to operate in parallel or series, enabling simultaneous or sequential experiments for enhanced productivity
  • Full Automation: Controlled through a LabVIEW-based interface for precise operation of temperatures, flows, valve sequences, and reactions
  • Redundant Safety Systems: Multiple layers of protection, including temperature safety switches, pressure relief valves, positive shut-off valves, firmware-level alarms, and software-based user alarms, ensuring safe and reliable operation

HARDWARE AND OPERATIONS

  • The μBenchCAT is engineered for high-performance catalytic testing in both gas- and liquid- phase environments. All core components are integrated into a compact, bench-top system, delivering precision, flexibility, and ease of use.
  • Reactor Feed System
  • The standard configuration supports up to 6 gas feeds and 2 liquid feeds. Each gas line includes a filter, electronic mass flow controller (MFC), check valve, and positive shut-off valve. The range and gas calibration of each MFC are specified by the customer to meet application requirements. Liquids are delivered via high-precision HPLC pumps (or liquid flow controllers), ensuring accurate and stable flow control.
  • Heated Isothermal Oven
  • An isothermal oven, operating up to 200°C, houses most process components to maintain a uniform thermal environment. This design minimizes condensation and ensures thermal stability throughout the system. Components located in the oven include:
    • Integral gas preheater and liquid preheater/vaporizer, operable up to 300°C
    • Feed mixer for combining gas and vapor streams
    • Reactor by-pass valves for process flexibility
    • Reactor furnace with control and safety thermocouples
    • Reactor, equipped with an internal sample thermocouple for accurate temperature measurement
  • Condenser
  • A tube-in-tube condenser, located downstream of the reactor and outside the oven, ensures effective removal of condensable components. A thermocouple monitors the coolant return temperature, helping maintain thermal consistency and system stability.
  • Gas/Liquid Separator
  • Positioned after the condenser, the gas/liquid separator ensures efficient phase separation.Standard configuration includes high- and low-level switches to activate an automatic drain valve.An optional capacitance liquid level sensor is also available, offering continuous, precise liquid level monitoring for advanced level control and long-duration automation.
  • Pressure Control
  • Reactor exit pressure is measured via a dedicated pressure transducer. A high-turndown pressure control valve is used to build and regulate system pressure, enabling steady-state operation under pressurized conditions across a wide pressure range.
  • Product Sampling Valve (Optional)
  • An optional product sampling valve can route reactor effluent directly to an external analytical device, such as a gas chromatograph or mass spectrometer, enabling real-time product analysis and enhanced experimental insight.

 

SOFTWARE

  • The μBenchCAT is fully automated to ensure ease of operation, process reliability, and repeatability. Designed for unattended operation, it allows users to configure experiments with minimal manual intervention. The operator simply inputs a sequence of process parameters and control steps, schedules a start time, and the system handles the rest.
  • All key functions—including valve positions, flow rates, temperatures, pressures, and product sampling—are automatically controlled by the system’s operating software. Data readback is performed at a user-defined sampling rate, and all data are saved in a text-delimited format for easy import into external software platforms for further analysis or reporting.
  • Control and data acquisition are managed through a dedicated LabVIEW-based application, developed specifically for the μBenchCAT. This software provides intuitive control logic, real-time visualization of system status, and complete experiment tracking, making the μBenchCAT a powerful tool for both routine and advanced catalytic research.
  • The μBenchCAT software includes three distinct user access levels, allowing controlled operation and protection of critical system settings:
  • • Locked-Out Mode: This mode is intended for security or safety scenarios where system access must be fully restricted. In this mode, no control actions or changes can be made until authorized login credentials are provided.
    • Operator Mode: Designed for routine users, this mode allows access to day-to-day functions such as loading saved procedures, starting/stopping experiments, adjusting basic run parameters, and viewing real-time data. Critical system configurations and calibration settings remain protected.
    • Supervisor Mode: This mode provides full access to all system settings, including calibration routines, gas configurations, user management, method creation/editing, and advanced diagnostics. It is intended for experienced users responsible for system setup, maintenance, and high-level customization
  • Software Screen

BENEFITS

  • Connection to External Detectors
  • The μBenchCAT provides seamless integration with external analytical instruments. The product effluent can be routed to a gas chromatograph (GC) or other detectors via an optional sampling valve, available in heated or unheated configurations. This capability enables real-time product analysis and greater experimental insight.
  • Built-In Safety Systems
  • Every μBenchCAT is designed with a robust suite of hardware, firmware, and software-level safety features to ensure safe operation under demanding experimental conditions:
  • • Check valves in all gas and liquid feed lines prevent backflow and cross-contamination.
    • Software-coded alarms continuously monitor temperatures and pressures. These alarms are configured by AMI based on system safety limits.
    •User-defined alarm matrix allows operators to set custom upper and lower limits for key process parameters and define actions if thresholds are exceeded.
  • Built-In Safety Systems (continued)
  • • Hardware over-temperature safety switch protects the furnace from overheating.
    • Firmware-level alarms safeguard all heating elements.
    • Preset pressure relief valves prevent system over-pressurization.
    • Front-mounted power switch provides immediate power cutoff in case of an emergency.
    • Double fusing is included in all 220 VAC process equipment for added electrical protection.
  • These layered safety features ensure that the μBenchCAT can be operated confidently in both routine and advanced catalytic studies.

BUILD A µBENCHCAT

  • A. Number of Gases
  • 0 G0
    1 G1
    2 G2
    3 G3
    4 G4
    5 G5
    6 G6
  • B. Number of Liquids
  • 0 L0
    1 L1
    2 L2
  • C. Pressure/Temp
  • ATM/1200 0
    50/650 50
    100/650 100
    100/800 1008
  • D. Reactor OD
  • 0.25 250
    0.375 375
    0.5 500
    0.75 750
  • E.Reactor Material
  • Quartz Q
    316SS S
    Inconel I
  • F. Gas/Liquid Separator
  • No 00
    Yes 01
  • G. GC Sampling Line
  • None 00
    Unheated After Pressure Reduction 01
    Heated, slip stream 02
  • Example: μ-G3-L1-0100-375-S-01-00

Prep Series

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Prep 8A- VACUUM DEGASSER

  • The Prep 8A features two independent working modules, each with four degassing ports, allowing simultaneous preparation of up to eight samples. Each module operates with independent temperature and time controls, enabling flexible and parallel sample degassing.
  • A multi-stage vacuum pumping system, regulated by an internal pressure transducer, prevents sample elutriation, controls switching pressure, regulates nitrogen backfill pressure, and maintains precise pressure control during furnace descent. Programmable temperature ramping and a built-in cooling fan ensure efficient, precise, and controlled thermal treatment.
  • The system is operated via a 7-inch touchscreen interface with automatic parameter memory, streamlining operation and enhancing usability.
  • Use-Case:
  • High-capacity vacuum degasser with vertical configuration; ideal for labs prioritizing throughput, thermal uniformity, and complete automation.

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  • Prep 8A
  • Model Prep 8A
    Temperature RT-400°C

    Control accuracy

    		 ±1°C
    Degassing port 8
    Pump 1 mechanical pump
    Heating method Programmed temperature ramping (Optional)
    Dimensions and weight L 17.0 in (430 mm)
    W 16.0 in (405 mm)
    H 28.5 in (725 mm)
    80 lbs (36 kg)
Prep 8M-VACUUMDEGASSER
  • Prep 8M
  • ThePrep 8M vacuum degasser features a single working module with eight degassing ports, enabling the simultaneous preparation of up to eight samples under uniform thermal conditions. All stations operate at the same temperature, making it ideal for processing multiple samples consistently.
  • Designed for efficiency and ease of use, the Prep 8M allows quick disassembly of sample tubes, supports grouped programmed temperature ramping,and features a purge-assisted cooling function for rapid cooldown. Its anti-elutriation design ensures sample integrity throughout the vacuum degassing process.
  • Temperature is fully programmable to deliver consistent and precise thermal treatment, while vacuum and backfill are manually controlled, giving operators the flexibility to manage timing and sequencing based on specific sample requirements
  • Use-Case:
  • Compact benchtop vacuum degasser with semi-automated functionality suited for space-constrained labs needing 8-port capacity.
  • Model Prep 8M
    Temperature RT-400°C

    Control accuracy

    		 ±1°C
    Degassing port 8
    Pump 1 mechanical pump
    Heating method Programmed
    Dimensions and weight L 15.5 in (395 mm)
    W 18.0 in (455 mm)
    H 14.0 in (358 mm)
    66 lbs (30 kg)

Prep 4M-VACUUM DEGASSER

  • ThePrep 4M vacuum degasser features four independent degassing stations, each with individually adjustable temperature and time parameters. This allows for the simultaneous preparation of multiple samples under different conditions, making it ideal for laboratories handling diverse materials.
  • Designed to maintain sample integrity, the system includes an anti-elutriation design to prevent particle loss during evacuation.It also supports optional programmable temperature ramping for controlled and repeatable heating cycles. Vacuum and nitrogen backfill are manually controlled, giving operators the flexibility to manage process timing based on specific sample requirements.
  • ThePrep 4M offers a compact and versatile solution for reliable sample pretreatment in surface area and gas adsorption analyses.
  • Use-Case:
  • Economical 4-port vacuum degasser for low-to-mid throughput needs; temperature ramping available as an option.
  • Prep 4M
  • Model Prep 4M
    Temperature RT-400°C

    Control accuracy

    		 ±1°C
    Degassing port 4
    Pump 1 mechanical pump
    (Ultimate vacuum 10-2 Pa, optional)
    Heating method Programmed temperature ramping (Optional)
    Dimensions and weight L 16.0 in (410 mm)
    W 14.5 in (361 mm)
    H 27.6 in (702 mm)
    55 lbs (25 kg)

Prep 8F –FLOW DEGASSER

  • Prep 8F
  • The Prep 8F is a versatile, high-throughput degassing system featuring two independent working units, each with four degassing ports, allowing the simultaneous preparation of up to eight samples. Each unit offers independent control of degassing temperature and time, providing flexibility for handling different sample types.
  • Designed for dynamic(flow) degassing, the system ensures efficient and uniform sample preparation without the use of vacuum. A programmable temperature ramping function enables controlled heating, while a built-in furnace fan facilitates rapid cooling between runs.
  • Operation is streamlined through a 7-inch integrated touchscreen with an intuitive interface and automatic parameter memory, making the Prep 8F an ideal solution for high-throughput sample pretreatment in surface area and gas adsorption analysis
  • Use-Case:
  • Flow-based degasser with 8 ports;designed for applications where vacuum degassing is not preferred or feasible.
  • Model Prep 8F
    Temperature RT-400°C

    Control accuracy

    		 ±1°C
    Degassing port 8
    Pump 1 mechanical pump
    Heating method Programmed temperature ramping (Optional)
    Dimensions and weight L 27.0 in (680 mm)
    W 16.0 in (404 mm)
    H 15.7 in (400 mm)
    70 lbs (32 kg)

 

Meso 400

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INTRODUCTION

  • The AMI-Meso 400 is a compact, high-performance sorption analyzer designed for the precise characterization of mesoporous and macroporous materials. Equipped with four fully independent analysis stations, it enables the determination of BET surface area, total pore volume, and pore size distribution with maximum efficiency.
  • Each analysis station features an individual dosing volume, allowing fully autonomous operation with independent programming and initiation at any time—eliminating downtime between analyses. This design ensures highly reproducible results and optimized throughput.
  • The AMI-Meso 400 supports a wide range of non-corrosive adsorptive gases, including N2, CO2, Ar, Kr, H2, O2, CO, NH₃, and CH4, providing exceptional flexibility for various research and industrial applications. Additionally, all four stations function as in-situ degassing units, enabling efficient sample preparation within the same system.

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KEY FEATURES

  • Module Design for Minimal Dead Volume
  • The internal gas path design of the instrument adopts a unique integrated metal module design, which not only reduces the internal dead volume spacebut also helps mitigate possible leaks.
  • Saturated Vapor Pressure P0
  • An independent P0 pressure transducer is configured at 133 kPa for P0 value testing,enabling real-time P/P0 measurement for more accurate and reliable test data. Alternatively, an atmospheric pressure input method can be used to determine P0.
  • Datasheet
  • Independent analysis ports
  • With independent analysis ports, the system employs a unique vacuum control logic that allows each station to operate without disruption, even when using a single mechanical pump or pump group. This enables simultaneous, independent experiments, meeting diverse adsorbent testing needs while ensuring high efficiency.
  • Thermal Stabilization
  • A core rod in the sample tube reduces deadvolume and stabilizes the cold free space coefficient, while an iso-thermal jacket maintains a constant thermal profile along the tube. Additionally, automatic helium correction ensures precise calibration for any powder or particulate material, minimizing temperature-related deviations during analysis.
  • High Accuracy Pressure Transducers
  • Equipped with 1000 torr pressure transducers, the Meso Series enables precise physical adsorption analysis, achieving a partial pressure (P/P0) as low as 10-2 for nitrogen (N2) at 77 K.
  • Datasheet
  • Optimized Manifold Contamination Control
  • This system features a multi-channel, adjustable, and parallel vacuum design with segmented vacuum control. This setup effectively prevents samples from being drawn up into the analyzer therefore preventing manifold contamination.
  • Liquid Nitrogen Dewar
  • The use of 1 L Dewar flasks in conjunction with a sealed cover ensures a stable thermal profile along the entire length of both the sample tubes and P0 tubes throughout the testing process.
  • Sample Preparation
  • Equipped with four in-situ degassing ports, enabling simultaneous degassing and analysis. Each port offers independent temperature control from ambient to 400°C, ensuring precise sample preparation.

SOFTWARE

  • PAS Software is an intelligent solution for operation control, data acquisition, calculation, analysis, and report generation on the Windows platform. It communicates with the host via the LAN port and can remotely control multiple instruments simultaneously.
  • PAS Software adopts a unique intake control method, optimizing pressure in the adsorption and desorption processes through a six-stage setting, which improves testing efficiency.
  • Datasheet
  • Changes in pressure and temperature inside the manifold can be directly observed in the test interface, providing convenience for sample testing and instrument maintenance. The current state of analyzer can be intuitively understood with the indicator light and event bar.
  • Each adsorption equilibrium process is dynamically displayed on the test interface. Adsorption characteristics of the sample can be easily understood.
  • A clear and concise report setting interface, including the following:
  • Adsorption and desorption isotherms
  • Single-/Multipoint BET surface area
  • Langmuir surface area
  • STSA-surface area
  • Pore size distribution according to BJH
  • T-plot
  • Dubinin-Radushkevich
  • Horvath-Kawazoe
  • Saito-Foley

TYPICAL ANALYSIS RESULTS

  • The specific surface area test results for iron ore powder are shown in the figure below. As a material with an inherently low specific surface area, the repeatability error in the measurements is only 0.0015 m²/g, demonstrating high testing precision.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet
  • Analysis of pore size distribution of activated carbon materials by NLDFT.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet
  • Adsorption and Desorption Isotherms of typical macroporous material - silica.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet

APPLICATIONS

Applied Field Typical Materials Details
Material Research Ceramic powder, metal powder, nanotubes According to the surface area value of the nanotube, hydrogen storage capacity can be predicted.
Chemical Engineering Carbon black, amorphous silica, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide Introduction of carbon black in rubber matrix can improve mechanical properties of rubber products. Surface area of carbon black is one of the important factors affecting the reinforcement performance of rubber products.
New Energy Lithium cobalt, lithium manganate Increasing the surface area of the electrode can improve the Electrochemical reaction rate and promote iron exchange in the negative electrode.
Catalytic Technologies Active alumina oxide, molecular sieve, zeolite Active surface area and pore structure influence reaction rate.

SPECIFICATIONS

Model AMI Meso 400
Analysis Ports 4
P0 Transducer 4
Analysis Pressure Transducer 4
Accuracy Pressure Transducers 1000 torr
Pump 1 mechanical pumps(ultimate vacuum10-2 Pa)
P/P0 10-4-0.998
Surface Area ≥0.0005 m2/g,test repeatability:RSD≤1.0%
Pore Size

0.35-500 nm,test repeatability:≤0.02 nm
Pore Volume ≥0.0001 cm3/g
Degassing Ports 4 in-situ
Adsorbates N2, Ar, Kr, H2, O2, CO2, CO, NH3, CH4, etc..
Cold Trap 1
Volume and Weight 38.5 in (980 mm) × W 25.0 in (630 mm) × H 38.5 in (976 mm), 176-199 lbs (90 kg)
Power Requirements 110  or 200-240VAC, 50/60Hz, maximum power300 W

Micro 100

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INTRODUCTION

  • The AMI-Micro 100 Series is a high-precision physisorption instrument designed for the accurate determination of specific surface area and pore size distribution in a wide range of materials. The series is available in three distinct models—A, B, and C—each offering specialized capabilities to accommodate various analytical requirements (refer to the specification table for further details).
  • The Micro 100 C model is equipped with high-sensitivity 1 torr pressure transducers (with an optional 0.1 torr configuration) and a turbo molecular pump achieving an ultimate pressure of 10⁻⁸ Pa, ensuring exceptional accuracy in the characterization of microporous structures. Furthermore, all analysis stations incorporate in-situ sample preparation, effectively minimizing contamination and enhancing measurement reliability.
  • Engineered for advanced materials research, the AMI-Micro 100 Series is particularly well-suited for the characterization of microporous materials, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), molecular sieves, catalysts, activated carbon, and other porous substances, providing precise and reproducible gas adsorption analysis.

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  • Instrument Structural Layout of AMI-Micro 100 Series

FEATURES

  • Module Design for Minimal Dead Volume
  • The internal gas path design of the instrument adopts a unique integrated metal module design, which not only reduces the internal dead volume space but also lowers the system leakage rate.
  • Saturated Vapor Pressure P0
  • An independent P₀ pressure transducer is configured at 133 kPa for P₀ value testing, enabling real-time P/P₀ measurement for more accurate and reliable test data. Alternatively, an atmospheric pressure input method can be used to determine P₀.
  • Datasheet
  • Multiple Degassing Stations for Sample Preparation
  • Equipped with two (2) integrated degassing ports and two (2) in-situ degassing ports. Each port offers independent temperature control from ambient to 400°C, ensuring precise sample preparation. In-situ degassing enhances microporous material analysis by providing superior efficiency over ex-situ methods.
  • High-Precision Micropore Distribution Analysis (Micro 100C)
  • Utilizes advanced micropore models, including the Horvath-Kawazoe (HK) and Saito-Foley (SF) methods,to accurately determine pore size distribution. Ensures an aperture deviation of less than 0.02 nm, providing precise characterization of microporous materials in gas
    adsorption studies.
  • Thermal Stabilization
  • A core rod in the sample tube reduces dead volume and stabilizes the cold free space coefficient, while an iso-thermal jacket maintains a constant thermal profile along the tube. Additionally, automatic helium correction ensures precise calibration for any powder or particulate material, minimizing temperature- related deviations during analysis.
  • Customizable Selection of Pressure Transducers
  • Depending on the model, the AMI-Micro 100 Series offers various quantities and types of pressure transducers. Among them, the Micro 100C, equipped with a 1 torr transducer (selectable 0.1 Torr), enables a  partial pressure (P/P₀) of up to 10⁻⁸ (N₂/77 K) in
    physical adsorption analysis.
  • Datasheet
  • Optimized Manifold Contamination Control
  • This system features a multi-channel, adjustable, and parallel vacuum design with segmented vacuum control. This setup effectively prevents samples from being drawn up into the analyzer therefore preventing manifold contamination.
  • Turbo Molecular Pump
  • A Turbo Molecular pump is included on the Micro 100B and Micro 100C. Achieving ultimate pressures of 10⁻⁸ Pa, this system ensures a solid foundation for precise micropore analysis at ultra-low pressures.

SOFTWARE

  • PAS Software is an intelligent solution for operation control, data acquisition, calculation, analysis, and report generation on the Windows platform. It communicates with the host via the LAN port and can remotely control multiple instruments simultaneously.
  • PAS Software adopts a unique intake control method, optimizing pressure in the adsorption and desorption processes through a six-stage setting, which improves testing efficiency.
  • Datasheet
  • Changes in pressure and temperature inside the manifold can be directly observed in the test interface, providing convenience for sample testing and instrument maintenance. The current state of analyzer can be intuitively understood with the indicator light and event bar.
  • Each adsorption equilibrium process is dynamically displayed on the test interface. Adsorption characteristics of the sample can be easily understood.
  • A clear and concise report setting interface, including the following:
  • Adsorption and desorption isotherms
  • Single-/Multipoint BET surface area
  • Langmuir surface area
  • STSA-surface area
  • Pore size distribution according to BJH
  • T-plot
  • Dubinin-Radushkevich
  • Horvath-Kawazoe
  • Saito-Foley

TYPICAL ANALYSIS RESULTS

  • The specific surface area test results for iron ore powder are shown in the figure below. As a material with an inherently low specific surface area, the repeatability error in the measurements is only 0.0015 m²/g, demonstrating high testing precision.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet
  • Analysis of pore size distribution of activated carbon materials by NLDFT.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet
  • Analysis of pore size distribution of activated carbon materials by NLDFT.
  • Datasheet
  • Datasheet

SPECIFICATIONS

Specific Model 100A 100B 100C
Analysis Ports 2 2 2
P0 Transducer 2 2 2
Analysis Pressure
Transducer		 1 2 3
Accuracy PTs 1000 torr 1000 torr, 10 torr 1000torr, 10 torr, 1(0.1) torr
Testing Mode Sequential
Adsorbates N2, Ar, Kr, H2, O2, CO2, CO, NH3, CH4, etc.
Pump 2 mechanical pumps(ultimate vacuum 10-2Pa): 1 analysis,1 degas; 2 mechanica lpumps(ultimatevacuum 10-2 Pa): 1 analysis, 1 degas; 1 turbo molecular pump (ultimate vacuum 10-8 Pa);
P/P0 10-4-0.998 10-8-0.998
Surface Area ≥0.0005 m2/g,test repeatability:RSD≤1.0%
Cold Trap 1
Pore Size 0.35-500 nm, test repeatability: ≤0.02 nm
Pore Volume ≥ 0.0001 cm3/g
Degassing Ports 2 in-situ;2 ex-situ;
Volumeand Weight L34.5 in (870 mm) × W 22.5 in (570 mm) × H35.0 in (890 mm),176-198 lbs. (80-90 kg)
Power Requirements 110 or 240 VAC, 50/60 Hz, maximum power 300 W

 

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